Knowledge gaps and biases in the Pantanal indicate future directions for ornithological research in large wetlands

While taxonomic and biogeographical biases are often acknowledged, those for certain biological responses species traits routinely overlooked, generating major gaps in knowledge conservation of biodiversity. Biases research on birds ‒ an over‐sampled, diverse vertebrate class may be readily detectable, wetlands important species‐rich ecosystems which to identify birds. The Pantanal, one the world’s largest wetlands, is globally relevant bird conservation. In this wetland, we determined spatial, temporal, response‐related ornithological studies guide future ecosystem and, ultimately, global wetlands. Avian was geographically biased, with 61 conducted Brazilian Pantanal only Bolivia. Most were concentrated near urban centres, poorly explored areas central Pantanal. Research also over‐represented during dry season when field conditions more favourable, but such temporal bias hamper migration studies. Considering their richness, some families studied disproportionately (e.g. Jacanidae) or less Tyrannidae). Some Wood Stork Mycteria americana Yellow‐billed Cardinal Paroaria capitata ) included > 25% studies, whereas a relatively low number threatened studied. Behaviour most response, followed by abundance reproduction, considered 65% We conclude that further needs focused unexplored periods, detectable species, ecological processes interspecific interactions). Additionally, our results can provide useful information better address work actions other large For example, detected here constitute primary roadmap under‐sampled regions, as Canadian peatlands Tonlé Sap Lake. Specifically, waterbirds highly from low‐income countries Okavango Sundarban Delta) help disentangle essential functional role provided these prioritize regions limited capacity.